Positions
Expertise apps should grade retrieval difficulty, not fluency
An expertise app must score the hard, effortful retrieval a student can do unaided. The techniques that feel fluent are exactly the ones that don't build durable expertise.
PublishableSelf-reported confidence will always overrate mastery
Any product that lets students self-report confidence certifies an illusion; fluency and mastery diverge.
Insights
Effort-feel is a broken proxy for learning
Rereading feels fluent yet is low utility; the techniques that actually work feel harder.
Testing is learning, not just measurement
Retrieval itself strengthens memory, so assessment and instruction become one act.
Facts
Practice testing earned a high utility rating
Position 84
Insight 80
Insight 80
Fact 100
Citation graph
| Content | Layer | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Expertise apps should grade retrieval difficulty | position | 84 |
| Self-reported confidence will overrate mastery | position | 66 |
| Effort-feel is a broken proxy for learning | insight | 80 |
| Practice testing earned a high utility rating | fact | 100 |
Dunlosky 2013 on effective learning techniques
Bjork 2011: Desirable difficulties
https://example.com/desirable-difficulties
2 candidates awaiting review
Retrieval practice produces durable long-term retention
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Expertise apps should grade retrieval difficulty, not fluency
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